Tezhip Sanatı

Sema Onat Şubat 25th, 2010

Tezhip (Turkish Decorative Art)

Tezhip comes from the word zehep (gold) in Arabic. It means Turkish decorative art or illumination. Turkish decorative art can be determined as the decoration art made by using gold. Not only gold is used, but also paint is used in works and this works are used in books, old edicts, good writing arts, in motifs of wood and leather. Person who works on Turkish decorative art named as “müzehhip” or “müzehhibe”. The Illumination Art is usually known as a “writing decoration” and it is adopted as the dress of the good writing.In Turks, we can define 2 periods about this art, one is the period before Islam the other is the period After Islam. The begining of Turkish Illumunation Art goes to Uygur”s with Manila Religion in 9th century. After Admission of Islam the art is developed paralel with the respect to science and Quran. The development and the riched motif variations can be chronologically seen. The Turkish decorative art is also the shows the importance given to books on handwritten books. An illuminated hand-written book also shows the importance given to its owner. Turkish decorative art is mostly seen on the Quran, the Muslıms Holy- Book.Because Quran is the most precious book either Muslim Turks or other nations.For this reason, the best Illıminatıon Art can be seen in Qurans. The Turkish decorative art is mostly used in hand-written books especially in hand-written Qurans,this can be easily seen in books comes from old years. The importance given to Quran Illumination also can be seen in cover of the book thus the artist want to design the God”s word from its cover to its point. If the rules are practiced, illumination can be used without writings, as only illumination. The oldest hand-made books known are Qurans which belong to the first 300 years of Islam. The person who is first made the Quran designed is Hz.Ali.At the begininig, Turkish decorative art used to seperate the verses, later it is used in prostration roses and page border designs. Especially,big roses are used in 11th-12th centuries. At the present day, the Turkish decorative art art is used to design good writings, miniatures or it is used in tekstile on the designs of motifs. In our museums, there are many Turkish decorative arts, ceramics, flags, carpets, Kilims, wood works, glass works, which are maden by Turkish tradition and gratification. The treatises are important to show that many characteristics like colour, design and work are carried on traditionally.

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